COMPREHENSIVE EXAM WATER RESOURCES (A. GOODMAN) DR. V. M. PONCE DURATION: 2 HR CLOSED BOOK, CLOSED NOTES ANSWER ONLY FOUR QUESTIONS Discuss the different stability and convergence properties of three numerical schemes to solve the kinematic wave equation: (1) forward in time, backward in space, (2) backward in time, forward in space, and (3) backward in time, backward in space. Which one is used in HEC-HMS? Discuss the relation between albedo and water resources. Name five anthropogenic activities which may lead to an increase in albedo. Discuss Budyko's approach to the hydrologic cycle. How does it differ from the traditional approach? Discuss the influence of geomorphology on hydrology and hydroecology. How was geomorphology used in the Hidrovia environmental impact study? Discuss the plight of the San Joaquin valley, in terms of salinity management. Be specific. How did they get into that situation? How are they going to solve it? What is the long-term solution to the salinity problem in the San Joaquin valley?